People think that traffic congestion in the downtown area is due to the increasing number of private cars. A. Traffic congestion in the downtown area is blamed for the increasing number of private ca Yes, complete neighborhoods and grid or organic mesh street networks will go a long way towards minimizing vehicle traffic congestion. This post reminded me of J.H. Crawford's book "Carfree Cities" in which he presents a practical way to build a city of a million that does not use personal vehicles for internal city travel. People think that traffic congestion in the downtown area is due to the increasing number of private cars. A. Traffic congestion in the downtown area is blamed for the increasing number of private cars. B. The increasing number of private cars is thought to be responsible for traffic congestion in the downtown area. C. Traffic congestion is an enormous problem and an enormous cost. Based on the overall findings, the U.S. ranked as the most traffic-congested developed nation in the world, with American drivers spending an average of 41 hours a year battling traffic during peak travel times of 6 a.m. to 9 a.m., and 3 p.m. to 6 p.m. Peak-hour traffic congestion is an inherent result of the way modern societies operate. It stems from the widespread desires of people to pursue certain goals that inevitably overload gqqd. City planners predict that as more people move into urban areas, traffic jams will get worse. That's why sustainability expert Neil Debbage, an assistant professor in the UTSA College of Liberal and Fine Arts' Department of Political Science and Geography, proposes a new way to analyze traffic congestion. Using more precise measures to describe the shape of cities and considering other socioeconomic factors, the model, which was applied to nearly 100 American cities, could lead to a better understanding of the link between congestion and land use. "Anecdotally, we often hear that more sprawling cities like San Antonio suffer from worse traffic congestion, but we wanted to test this relationship by analyzing a large number of cities with diverse urban forms." Previously, indirect metrics, such as population density, job location and the total number of homes within a defined area, were used to estimate traffic congestion. Working alongside with Mingshu Wang, associate professor at the University of Glasgow, a new approach was designed based on the configuration of land use within cities. The model also used new variables, including the level of intensity of urban land use and congestion type, and control variables, such as median age, total population and the presence of auto commuters to determine their impact on congestion. The researchers used congestion data from the Urban Mobility Scorecard UMS database. This source combines real-time speed data, volume and roadway information from the Federal Highway Administration. Specifically, congestion was defined according to annual excess fuel consumed during rush hours and free-flowing traffic, annual hours of delay during rush hour and off-peak times, and a time travel index based on the ratio between travel time during rush hour divided by the time of the same trip under free-flowing conditions. This more precise definition of congestion helped Wang and Debbage answer three specific questions What city type, either those with one dominant urban center or multiple centers, creates more congestion? Which types of urban land use, such as high-intensity or low-intensity, are associated with congestion? What are the relationships between the shape of a city and congestion and how do those links vary depending on the specific type of congestion analyzed? The UTSA-Glasgow model indicated that cities with more urban land use were associated with higher congestion levels. The researchers' findings support the long-held belief that traffic congestion is tied to urbanization, but also highlighted that high-intensity urban land use played a more notable role. The researchers also found that the shape of cities impacted congestion. Cities that had one dominant urban core generally were associated with lower levels of congestion while more polycentric cities, those with multiple urban centers, suffered from more traffic. The study found that the shape of cities had more of an impact on general congestion than traffic just during rush hour periods. "By analyzing different land use intensities, we were able to identify more precisely what aspects of city shape influence congestion, which can hopefully inform more tailored land use policy responses." Some people believe government should spend money on building train and subway lines to reduce traffic congestion. Others think that building more and wider roads is the better way to reduce traffic congestion. Discuss both views and give your is a band 8 IELTS essay on this topic written by one of our students. Need help with IELTS writing? Get your IELTS essays, letters and reports corrected by 8 IELTS essay sampleIt is an irrefutable fact that traffic congestion has become a serious problem in many countries. Although many people believe that constructing more and wider roads is the best solution to mitigate this problem, I would agree with those who believe that building train and subway lines is a better way to reduce traffic the one hand, there are some clear reasons why the extension and construction of roads can alleviate the volume of traffic. Firstly, the existing roads are not wide enough to accommodate the number of vehicles on the roads. This, in turn, leads to traffic jams, especially in cities. Secondly, if there are better networks of roads, people will be able to take an alternative route to avoid crowd when traffic congestion occurs. However, I do not agree with this view because wider and better roads might encourage people to buy cars. In a short period of time traffic will the other hand, there are many reasons why some people believe that the government spending money on building train and subway lines is a better decision to tackle traffic jams. One reason is that trains are faster than buses or cars so people tend to prefer a train over a car, especially those who commute to work. This may relieve the pressure on existing roads. Secondly, in many cities, there is not enough land available to construct or extend roads. By contrast, a subway network is built underground and there is no need to worry about scarcity of land. Therefore, building a subway line is certainly a viable conclusion, it is true that constructing more and wider roads reduces traffic but it is a temporary solution as good roads prompt people to buy private vehicles. I firmly believe that governments should allocate funds to build train and subway lines rather than investing money on you have an essay on this topic? Submit it below in the comments for a free band score estimate. Some people think that in order to solve traffic and transportation problem people should be encouraged to live in cities rather than in suburb or in the countryside. To what extent do you agree or disagree?Here is a band IELTS essay on this topic written by one of our students. Need help with IELTS writing? Get your IELTS essays, letters and reports corrected by IELTS essay sampleTraffic congestion and transport issues are a major problem in all major cities. Some argue that people who travel to the city ought to be encouraged to reside in it to avoid long delays in commuting. Personally, I strongly disagree with this notion and believe that this would substantially increase property prices and cause cities to eventually expand begin with, cities are not equipped to cope with any increase in their population. They lack the infrastructure and space. Most metros have limited size. Even if a city is capable of accommodating its current population, problems will arise when that population increases. In Mumbai, for example, people are forced to live in the suburbs, because the central area of the city is too small to accommodate all of them. As a result, despite people wanting to live in the city, it is not practically possible for them. These suburbanites, then, have to travel to the city each morning to reach their since property prices in cities are already high, few people will be able to afford them and this will force them to move to suburbs. Actually, moving to suburbs and living in the countryside is not much different. In either case, people have to travel. Now if people manage to move to downtown, it will still not resolve the traffic issue. It will actually make it worse. Unless everyone can walk to work, any increase in the population of metros will only worsen traffic problems. Eventually, it would take hours for even a 10 minute’s commute. Therefore, these cities have to spread horizontally and people have to commute to the city for work or recreational purposes leading to traffic conclusion, while encouraging people to reside in cities seems like an easy solution to avoid traffic and public transport issues, it is practically not possible due to high property prices in urban areas and the limited size of the cities. Traffic jams are bad for the environment, the economy and our health. Here are the worst consequences due to traffic congestion — and the places where people suffer the Getty Images/AFP/Y. Kadobnov Some people think the best way to solve traffic congestion in cities is to provide free public transport 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. To what extent do you agree or disagree?It is generally believed that if the government wants to solve the traffic congestion problem, the most effective solution is to provide free public transportation, such as buses and trains. In my opinion, I agree with this idea because it really helps to ease the situation. Firstly, I believe that free public transportation can reduce people's dependence on cars and improve traffic congestion. People who live outside the city centre tend to go to work because there are no buses and train stations around the area. Therefore, the government should consider building railway and bus lanes to cover all remote areas. In addition, dedicated lanes can be allocated to buses to avoid traffic jams. For example, Japan has done a very good job with its advanced subway system. Their stations are always overcrowded, and trains and buses are always on time. People rarely own cars and they rely on public transportation. Secondly, the government should always carry out publicity activities to promote the advantages of using free public transportation. By doing so, people can break the mentality that public transportation is dirty, slow, and unreliable. As long as more people know, the transportation system is well designed, more comfortable and more convenient; people will soon start using public transportation. For example, Singapore has implemented 24/7 free public transportation, and its roads are unobstructed. In short, I firmly believe that free transportation will reduce congestion by promoting awareness-raising campaigns and investment in buses and trains. Although it is a difficult task for the government to implement free public transportation in the community, once the government implements it successfully, it will have a major impact on everyone's by bfl on Wed Nov 10 2021Unauthorized use and/or duplication of this material without express and written permission from this site’s author and/or owner is strictly prohibited. Excerpts and links may be used, provided that full and clear credit is given to Writing9 with appropriate and specific direction to the original to do next Look at other essays People have different opinion on spending money for space excavations. However, there are many benefits of this. Firstly, this study would find solutions for some of the problems of mankind. Moreover, long term survival of the human race significantly depends on finding another planet to move off from the planet earth; therefore, space explorations are inevitable. Similarly, humans have benefited from these since a long back ago. Take digital imaging techniques as an example, which were originally developed by NASA to study pictures of the moon, later on this technique used in diagnostic is often argued that the actions of huge global companies help the economies of developing nations, while others believe that these companies have a negative effect. In my opinion, I believe that although multinational companies have some harmful impacts, overall they benefit the countries in which they do the people are moving forward with their talents and ideas, so do is the technology and advancements in them. We can tell about a nation whether it is developed or not by just looking into its technological developments and advancements in various fields of technology. Now a days computers are more common than they were 20 years ago. 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people think that traffic congestion